3 Key Specification Types to Include in Your 3-Part Specs

Performance specifications focus on the outcomes and objectives that the product achieves rather than its specific characteristics. In other words, this type of specification outlines the performance criteria that the product meets, such as durability, efficiency, and safety. Here are some examples:

• The flooring product weighs 0.7 pounds/sq. ft.
• The roofing product has thermal resistance value of at least R-30 and can withstand temperatures ranging from -20°F to 120°F.
• The window glazing blocks at least 70% of UV rays.
• The window reduces energy consumption by 30% and can withstand winds of up to 100 mph.
  

Performance specifications encourage innovation and flexibility in product design and ensure the chosen products meet the intended performance goals of a specific project. They are particularly useful for showcasing your product's unique features and setting yourself apart from competitors. 

2. Prescriptive Specifications

Prescriptive specifications outline precise product characteristics, such as material, finish, dimensions, and other essential details that AEC professionals look for. Here are some examples:

• The door is made of solid oak with a gloss finish.
• The countertop measures 72 inches by 36 inches and is made of granite.
• The planter is self-watering and has a matte finish.
• The fireplace includes a glass door with a tempered safety glass panel. 

Prescriptive specifications provide clear and precise guidance on product selection to help ensure that all products meet specific standards and criteria, reducing ambiguity and potential for error. This specification type ensures consistency and alignment with a project’s exact needs.

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3. Reference Standard Specifications

Reference standard specifications are based on established standards or codes set by regulatory organizations, professional associations, or other authoritative bodies. Instead of specifying a particular product, these specifications refer to widely accepted standards that products meet. Here are some examples:

• The swinging door frame meets the standards outlined in ASTM F476.
• The window meets the ENERGY STAR certification for energy efficiency, including U-factor and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) requirements.
• The gate meets the ASTM A123 standard for galvanized steel to ensure rust resistance.
• The lighting fixture meets the energy-saving requirements for the DesignLights Consortium (DLC) certification.

Reference standard specifications help specifiers ensure their designs comply with industry standards and regulations. They also simplify the specification process by referencing existing rules and guidelines that AEC firms are familiar with.

Which Specification Type Should I Use in My 3-Part Specs? 

The short answer: all of them.

Each of the 3 specification types influences how products are selected and integrated into construction projects. However, 3-part specs are rarely created using just one type. Understanding all three approaches will enable you to provide AEC professionals with the most effective and comprehensive 3-part specs possible.

At CADdetails, we help building product manufacturers like you create high-quality 3-part specifications and other technical design content. We're also the go-to platform for North American AEC professionals searching for products to specify.

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